C++ Foundations

Core idea

C++ programs are built from a few repeated pieces: headers, a main function, statements, and basic input or output. Once that shape feels familiar, the rest of the language becomes much less intimidating.

What a basic program looks like

#include <iostream>

int main() {
  std::cout << "Hello, C++!\n";
  return 0;
}

Revision points

• #include <iostream> gives access to input and output tools.
• int main() is the starting point of the program.
• Statements usually end with a semicolon.
• return 0; means the program finished successfully.
• std::cout prints values to the console.

Beginner note

Do not try to memorize every keyword yet. First, get comfortable reading the shape of a small program and understanding where code begins and ends.

Next step

Once this shape makes sense, move to variables and data types so the program can start storing real values.